Health
Stress
Biofeedback
Behind the Science
Technology
Careers
Training
Health Service Providers
Testimonials
Glossary
Services
FAQ
News & Views

GLOSSARY


Below is a list of definitions for words found throughout this site. If you come across a word which you would like to see added, please contact us. We'll be happy to add it in!


Acupuncture
Acupuncture is a 5000 year old Chinese art of healing that involves the insertion of very fine, sterile, disposable needles into specific parts of the body. It is one of the key components of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which believes that health is maintained by keeping the body in a ‘balanced state’ allowing vital energy (qi) to flow along pathways known as meridians. This technique stimulates and activates the body's immune and healing systems by regulating the nervous system, activating natural pain killers (endorphins), and immune system cells at the more than 2,000 acupuncture points in the human body.

Acupuncture originated in China perhaps as early as the 1st millennium BC. Forms of it are also described in the literature of traditional Korean medicine where it is called chimsul. It is also important in Kampo, the traditional medicine system of Japan.

Studies have shown that acupuncture may alter brain chemistry by changing the release of neurotransmitters and neurohormones and, thus, affecting the parts of the central nervous system related to sensation and involuntary body functions, such as immune reactions and processes that regulate a person's blood pressure, blood flow, and body temperature. top

Air
The Earth's atmosphere is a layer of gases comprised of roughly 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen, with trace amounts of other gases such as water vapor. This mixture of gases is commonly known as air. Other than providing the planet with the necessary oxygen and carbon dioxide to live, the atmosphere also absorbs ultraviolet solar radiation and reduces temperature extremes.

Smog, caused by pollutants and toxins in the air, has been linked to many physical and health related ailments such as asthma, heart disease, and many cancers. The ‘clean air act’ is an attempt by the Canadian government to assess the health concerns with respect to 200 worrisome substances currently in the market, but this could extend to all 23,000 chemical substances used in Canada and registered on Environment Canada’s Domestic Substances List. top

Allergy
An allergy can be described as any kind of reaction by the body to a substance. The word allergy derives from the Greek words allos meaning "change" and ergon meaning "work or action". The body has a changed or altered reaction to substances which are harmless to others. This reaction forces the body to produce Immunogloben E (IgE), antibodies to destroy the toxic invader, resulting in a systemic inflammatory response.This is part of the body’s natural defense system. The substance causing this reaction is known as an allergan. Symptoms can be as benign as a runny nose or as life-threatening as anaphylactic shock and death. De-sensitization is a known methodology to slowly introduce the allergan to the body over time, reducing the strength of IGE. top


Amino Acids
Amino acids are the molecular units that make up proteins. All proteins are various compositions of twenty specific naturally occurring amino acids; humans can produce ten of these, but ten must be obtained from our food. Failure to obtain enough of even 1 of the 10 essential amino acids, those that we cannot make, results in degradation of the body's proteins (muscle etc.). Unlike fat and starch, the human body does not store excess amino acids for later use. The essential amino acids not produced in the body are: arginine (required for the young, but not for adults), histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine. These amino acids must be in one’s food every day. top

Ayurveda
Ayurvedic Medicine (also known as Ayurveda) is considered to be the oldest healing science in the world (3000+ years old). The term Ayurveda combines two Sanskrit words, ayur, meaning ' life', and veda, which means 'science' or 'knowledge'. Ayurveda means "the science of life".

Ayuveda focuses on healing through healthy living, along with therapeutic measures that relate to physical, mental, social and spiritual harmony. Areas of focus include: diet, detoxification and purification techniques, herbal and mineral remedies, yoga, breathing exercises, meditation, and massage therapy. 

Ayurveda aims to integrate and balance the body, mind, and spirit. This balance is believed to lead to contentment and health, and to help prevent illness. A chief aim of Ayurvedic Medicine is cleansing the body of disease causing substances, and re-establishing the body’s natural harmony and balance. top

Bacteria
Bacteria (singular: bacterium) are a major group of living organisms. Most are minute, usually only 0.5-5.0 micrometres in their longest dimension. The term "bacteria" has variously applied the major group of simple microorganisms possessing the prokaryotic type of cell construction, single cells that do not contain a nucleus. They are the most abundant of all organisms. There are 10 times more bacterial cells than human cells in the human body, with large numbers of bacteria on the skin and in the digestive tract.

Most of these bacteria are harmless or beneficial, a few pathogenic bacteria cause infectious diseases, including syphilis, anthrax, and bubonic plague. In developed countries, the over prescription of antibiotics for treating bacterial infections has resulted antibiotic resistant bacteria.  top

Balance
A state of equilibrium and/or equality of distribution. Balance is important to many aspects of life. If a chequebook is not balanced, there may be no money at the end of the month to eat. Similarly, balance is essential to the continuous flow of energy and fuel throughout the human body. Stressors can put a body out of balance making the state of equilibrium difficult to attain. A body in a state of balance or equilibrium is better equipped to fight against toxins, parasites and diseases plus internal and external stressors. Balance is the ultimate key to longevity. top

Blockage
Congestion or obstruction in an area of the body that may ache, be tense, or feel numb. Blockages can be something as benign as a stuffy nose to something as serious as blocked kidneys or intestines. It is important that all blockages in the human body are cleared to ease the flow of both energy and fuel (food into digestion then to excretion). top

Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are chemical compounds containing oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon atoms. They are one of the three main classes of food and a source of energy. Certain carbohydrates are an important storage and transport form of energy in most organisms, including plants and animals. During digestion, carbohydrates are changed into simple sugars which are  stored in the liver and muscles until cells need it for energy.

Contrary to current beliefs, carbohydrates are essential to a person’s healthy diet and digestion. Simple sugar carbohydrates, like sugar, are absorbed into the cells quickly and if the proper amount of energy is not expended to ‘burn them off’, they are in turn stored as fat, leading to possible diabetes and obesity.

Fructose, along with six other ‘saccarides’, are responsible for proper cellular communication within immunity and nutrient logistics. These sugars, when obtained from ‘whole food’ sources provide the body with essential energy and nutrients. If the elements of these saccarides are derived from simple carbs, the body loses many digestive enzymes and expends a great deal of energy in the conversion process.  top

Chiropractic 
Chiropractic, or chiropractic care, is a health profession concerned with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system, and the effects of these disorders on the function of the nervous system and general health. Using spinal adjustments to correct misalignments, or subluxations, chiropractors can unblock nerve signals sent by the brain so that the body can heal itself. This can alleviate back problems, headaches, nerve inflammation, muscle spasms, plus other injuries or traumas. top

Consciousness
Consciousness is a quality of the mind generally regarded to comprise qualities such as subjectivity, self-awareness, sentience, sapience, and the ability to perceive the relationship between oneself and one's environment. "Consciousness" derives from Latin conscientia which primarily means moral conscience. In literal terms, being conscious is ‘to be awake’ but an individual’s ‘state of consciousness’ is very subjective. It is said that humans only use  3% of our brains at a time and 10% overal on a daily basis.   top

Degeneration
The process of degenerating. The process of change, usually with age, in bone or soft tissue, by which tissue deteriorates, loses functional activity and may become converted into or replaced by other kinds of tissue. Sometimes referred to as `wear and tear`.

All life is in a state of change and deteriorates as a natural function of aging. Toxicity, parasitic infestation, inherited disorders along with emotional and mental concerns can affect the degenerative process and accelerate decline.

Aggressive degeneration results in skeletal and tissue changes that make carrying out biological functions difficult and has a domino affect on organ functionality, mental and emotional state and overall health.  top

Doctor 
Doctor meaning teacher in Latin, is used to describe someone who has received the highest level of university education in a particular area of study. It has been in used since 1375. It became a common address for those in the medical profession in the 16th century. There are two types of ‘doctorates’ one can achieve, research and professional doctorates  top

Enzymes 
An enzyme is a protein that catalyzes, or speeds up, a chemical reaction. The word coined 1878 by Ger. physiologist Wilhelm Kühne, comes from the Greek, énsymo, meaning ‘leavened’. Enzymes are essential to sustain life because most chemical reactions in biological cells would occur too slowly, or would lead to different products without enzymes. A malfunction (mutation, overproduction, underproduction or deletion) of a single critical enzyme can lead to a severe disease.

There are more than 5,000 known enzymes. Enzyme activity can be affected by other molecules. Inhibitors are molecules that decrease enzyme activity, and activators are molecules that increase activity. Drugs and poisons are often enzyme inhibitors. Enzyme activity is also affected by temperature, pH, and the concentration of substrate.   top

EPFX 
Electro Physiological Feedback Xrroid is the device used by quantum biofeedback practitioners to assess and rectify possible blockages in their clients’ bodies. This device houses the largest medical database in the world and is the first of its kind to integrate science and healing. see technology for a more in depth explanation.   top

Fat 
Fats form a category of lipid, distinguished from other lipids by their chemical structure. This category of molecules is important for many forms of life, serving both structural and metabolic functions. All fats consist of fatty acids bonded to a backbone structure.

Fats are an important part of the human diet in maintaining healthy skin and hair, insulating body organs against shock, maintaining body temperature, and promoting healthy cell function. Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble, meaning they can only be digested, absorbed, and transported in conjunction with fats. Fat also serves as a useful buffer towards a host of diseases. The body can effectively dilute offending substances by storing it in new fat tissue, protecting vital organs until the offending substances can be metabolized and/or removed from the body.

Sugars like glycerol can be converted to glucose (fat) by the liver, and is then stored as a source of energy. There are three types of fats humans are concerned with in their diets. Saturates, Monounsaturates and Polyunsaturates. Essential fatty acids are obtained from mono and polyunsaturate fats which are in turn derived from non-animal sources. Animal fats are almost always saturates and generally not beneficial to maintaining human health Trans-fat, an unhealthy by-product of the partial hydrogenation of oils (margarines and other ‘solid’ oils), has been linked to coronary heart disease and other chronic health conditions. top

Healing 
The art of healing is essentially ‘making one whole’. It is the process whereby the cells in the body regenerate and repair to reduce the size of a damaged area. Healing incorporates both the removal and replacement of necrotic (dying) tissue. The process of replacement can be via regeneration; the creation of new tissue identical to the original, or by repairing the old tissue with scar tissue.  top

Heredity 
Heredity is the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring. Heredity pertains to origins as in ‘inherited’ or ‘heir’.  When dealing with genetics, inherited traits fall under two categories, dominant and recessive. Dominant traits, such as brown hair and eyes, increase the likelihood that offspring will carry these traits. Recessive genes may carry from generation to generation without any physical representation. Certain diseases and conditions are more prevalent in families, such as heart disease and obesity. Passing along these traits creates a ‘predisposition’ in offspring. An inherited predisposition is not a guarantee of manifesting an illness, but is simply one of the many factors to consider when seeking optimal health. top

Homeopathy 
Homeopathy (also spelled homœopathy or homoeopathy) from the Greek hómoios (similar) and páthos (suffering), is a form of healing developed in Germany and has been practiced in North America since the early 19th century. The key premise to homeopathy is that every person has energy called a vital force. When this energy is disrupted or imbalanced, health problems develop. Balancing this energy using remedies consisting of ingredients, which in higher doses would cause symptoms, follows the homeopathic adage that "like treats like". Practitioners believe potency of remedies can be increased by systematically diluting the dosage, along with succussion or shaking, to a point where the original ingredient is not present.  top

Hormones
The word hormone comes from Greek horman meaning ‘to set in motion’. The Greek god Hermes was the messenger of the gods. Hormone are the bodies messengers.  Hormones are chemicals found naturally in plants and animals controlling processes like growth and metabolism. hormones are produced by nearly every organ system and tissue type in humans and animals. 

The function of hormones is to serve as a signal to the target cells. Hormone actions vary widely, but can include stimulation or inhibition of growth, induction or suppression of apoptosis (programmed cell death), activation or inhibition of the immune system, regulating metabolism or phase of life (e.g., puberty, menopause), as well as regulating the production or release of other hormones. 

Synthetic (man-made) hormones have been developed for a number of purposes, including treatment of hormonal disorders in people. Hormones have been used for the suppression of natural cycles (birth control) muscle growth (steroids) and farming (unnatural fast growth in farm animals recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone or rBGH).   top

Idea
Ideas are things, such as a thought or conception, which potentially or actually exists in the mind as a product of mental activity. The human capacity to generate ideas is associated with the capacity for reason and self-reflection. It is the human ablitity to reason and reflect that makes concepts, knowledge and progress possible. HG Wells has stated “Human history is in essence a history of ideas”.  top

Kinesiology
The branch of physiology that studies the mechanics and anatomy in relation to human movement. Kinesiology is fundamental for the analysis and treatment of problems in the musculoskeletal system, but is not itself a treatment or diagnosis of illness. Kinesiological information is applied in such fields as physical therapy, occupational therapy, chiropractic, osteopathy, kinesiotherapy, massage therapy, ergonomics, physical education, touch for health therapy and athletic coaching. Understanding how we move and how we need to move is beneficial in understanding blockages to energetic flow and other health related problems.  top

Medula Oblongata
The Medula Oblongata is the lowest part of the brainstem connected posteriorly with the spinal cord, also referred to as the 'bulb' due to its shape. In humans, it controls autonomic nerves andfunctions primarily as a relay station and electronic impulse filter between the spinal cord and the brain. 

Neurological functions located in the brainstem include those necessary for survival (breathing, digestion, heart rate, blood pressure) and for arousal (being awake and alert). Most of the cranial nerves come from the brainstem. The Medulla Oblongata contains the respiratory, vasomotor and cardiac centers, as well as many mechanisms for controlling reflex activities such as coughing, gagging, swallowing and vomiting. 

In the event of injury to the Medulla Oblonata (a blow to the head or neck or excessive shaking), motor functions may deteriorate or become over stimulated. Persons suffering from such injuries may feel like their bodies are no longer their own, or may experience involuntary reactions such as vomitting, sleepiness, and irritability. top

Meridians
The Chinese discovered meridians over 5,000 years ago in connection to their energetic healing practices. They discovered and identified twelve acupuncture meridians (meaning mid-points) along which the body’s vital energy known as qi or chi travels. Acupuncture meridians are like copper traces on an electronic circuit board, running throughout the body. They were named by the life function associated with them.

Meridians are the pathways of the positive and negative energy power, which carries on some of the communication between the various parts of human beings. Meridians connect everything in the body. Acupuncture points have unique electrical characteristics, which distinguish them from surrounding skin. These acupuncture points exist along the meridians. These 500 points are useful not only in treatment but also in diagnosis of disease states.  top

Minerals
To be classified as a "true" mineral, a substance must be a solid with a crystal structure. It must also be an inorganic, naturally-occurring, homogeneous substance with a defined chemical composition.

Each and every mineral that exists in the earth also exists in all living things. As humans are made of the same ‘stuff’ as the Earth itself, humans require a balance of minerals to function optimally. When given the right minerals in the right form (from nature) the body can do amazing things to promote its own health. As humans can only absorb minerals from organic sources, we are reliant on plants for our mineral content. Today’s farming practices, toxic environment and biological warfare has depleted necessary minerals from natural sources leaving the human, plant and animal population mineral malnourished. top

Microscopy 
Microscopy is any technique for producing visible images of structures or details too small to otherwise be seen by the human eye, using a microscope or other magnification tool.
In classical light microscopy, this involves passing light transmitted through or reflected from the subject through a series of lenses, to be detected directly by the eye, imaged on a photographic plate or captured digitally. Royal Rife invented the most powerful microscope in the world, which was able to see viruses.  top


Naturopathic 
Naturopathic medicine is a method of improving health through naturopathy. Naturopathy is a system of therapy that relies on natural remedies, such as sunlight or heat, supplemented with diet and massage, to treat illness. The term naturopath is defined as the ‘natural path’ toward healing thereby preferring natural remedies as opposed to invasive surgeries and synthetic drugs.
Naturopathic practice may include a broad array of different modalities, including manual therapy, hydrotherapy, herbalism, acupuncture, counselling, environmental medicine, aromatherapy, wholefoods, cell salts, and biofeedback. Practitioners tend to emphasise a holistic approach to patient care. Naturopathy is a broad term encompassing a variety of fields of practice. top


Non-Invasive
A non-invasive medical procedure is one that does not penetrate or break the skin or a body cavity. Biofeedback, for example, is non-invasive while acupunture, with its needles, is considered invasive. Some invasive procedures, such as organ removal, are considered to be extremely stressful on the human body, hence the desire for non-invasive methodologies.
With regards to diseases, a non-invasive tumour would not invade surrounding healthy tissues and organs.  top

Nutrients 
Nutrients are the substances that provide nourishment to the body. They are required for growth and sustenance by both plants and animals.  Nutrients can be broken down into six major groups: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulphur, nitrogen and phosphorus. Some of these nutrients are essential because they cannot be synthesized in the body and must be obtained from a food source. Humans obtain essential nutrients through various sources.
Essential nutrients are found in proteins, carbohydrates, fats and oils, minerals, vitamins, and water. Certain fats (essential fatty acids), minerals, and vitamins may not be sufficiently present in today’s produce (even organic). In these instances, supplementation is necessary for proper nourishment and health. top


Psychology
 Psychology from the Greek psyche = soul and ology = study of, is the study of the soul or mind in modern applications. Psychologists concentrate on human (and animal) conditions in relation to their minds, brains and behaviours. Psychology also refers to the application of such knowledge to various spheres of human activity, including problems of individuals' daily lives and the treatment of mental illness.
Psychology is a broad field that explores a variety of questions about thoughts, feelings, and actions. If the mind is connected to the body, it can be concluded that by understanding and communicating with the mind we can understand many health problems and provide solutions.  top

Registered Nurse 
Registered Nurses are considered to be the first-line defence of hospitalized patients against disability or death from infection, cardiopulmonary arrest, and other serious complications. Registered nurses often supervise the tasks performed by Licensed Practical Nurses, orderlies, medical assistants and nursing assistants. 
The nursing professional provides direct care for ill and injured people. Regardless of degree, registered nurses have many hours of clinical experience. 
Registered Nurses are educators, managers, executives, therapists, intensive care experts, symptom managers, professional mentors, researchers and community members. They are advocates and health educators for patients, families, and communities.  top

Reticular Formation
The reticular formation is a diffuse network of nerve fibres and cells in parts of the brainstem which important in monitoring and regulating such body functions as wakefulness and sleep. It is absolutely essential for life.

There is some reason to regard the reticular formation as "motivation central" for the brain, as it appears not only to control physical behaviours such as sleep, but also has been shown to play a major role in alertness, fatigue, and motivation to perform various activities. Some researchers have speculated that the reticular formation controls approximately 25 specific and mutually-exclusive behaviours, including sleep, locomotion, posture, eating, urination, defecation, and sexual activity.

In the event of injury to the neck or back of head (often caused by whiplash), inflammation or damage to the reticular formation may compromise the nervous system. Communication with the nervous system may become slowed or non-existent or could go into overload. Those who experience this type of injury may feel altered in some way. 

The reticular formation has also been indentifed as a source of certain character traits, specifically introversion and extroversion. Introverted people have a more easily stimulated reticular formation, while extroverted people, have a less easily stimulated reticular formation. The result is  the need for more stimulation to maintain brain activity for the extroverted personality and less for the introvert.  top


Selye 
Hans Selye was able to separate the biological effects of stress from other physical symptoms suffered by patients through his research. He defined two types of stress, eustress (positive) and distress (negative). Both types could be the result of either negative or positive events or stressors, and both affect the human condition by altering homeostasis (equilibrium). He described the body’s general adaptation syndrome as having three stages:

  • alarm reaction, where the body detects the external stimuli
  • adaptation, where the body engages defensive countermeasures against the stressor 
  • exhaustion, where the body begins to run out of defences 

These have been catalogued and utilized by many health care practitioners and scientists as the Selye Bar measurement of stress and related conditions including chronic illness, heart disease and cancer. top

SOC
Substance Obstruction to Cure. This is a panel on the EPFX system. The SOC panel provides a numerical value based on the different obstructions to healing. And obstruction could be mental factors, poor diet, removal of necessary organs etc.  top

Stress
Stress as a medical term references any strong external or internal stimuli, both physiological and psychological, which can cause a physiological response called the general adaptation syndrome, as described by Han Selye. top

Stressor 
Any factor that causes stress is called a stressor. There are two kinds of stressors: processive stressors and systemic stressors.

Processive stressors are elements in the environment (for example, elevated sound levels or intense light) perceived by the organism as potential dangers. These do not cause damage directly, but are processed in the cerebral cortex. The processed information is then sent via the limbic system in the hypothalamus, where they activate the supreme centers of the autonomic nervous system. This results in the fight-or-flight (or sympathetico-adrenal) response.

Systemic stressors cause a disturbance in the organism's homeostasis, as well as tissue necrosis, hypotension and/or hypoxia. Often both types of stressors occur simultaneously. They are usually accompanied by pain and/or intensive emotions.  top

Subspace
In the quantum world (quantum physics, mathematics), all matter is made up of quantum particles exponentially smaller than the atom. These particles are essentially energy connecting all things. Hence we are all the same. But what makes us all unique is not the ‘stuff’ we are made of but how we resonate, our energetic signature. This, like fingerprints is totally unique. 

If a person’s energetic signature were obtained and recorded (Royal Rife recorded thousands of energetic signatures for different plants, viruses etc.) then by using subspace (space contained within a space) they could be reached anywhere in the world. Subspace utilizes similar science to satellite technology and wireless technology. Just as we can now pick up the Internet without wires or cables, we can also ‘pick up’ energetic signatures. top

Superconcious 
The 97% of the brain that is know as the filing banks. The superconcious controls hormones, thought, memory, growth & repair, etc. It is referred to by some as the combination of one’s memory, spirit, soul and uniqueness. In Jungian psychology, it is a part of the unconscious mind that is shared by a society, a people, or all humankind. The product of ancestral experience, it contains such concepts as science, religion, and morality.
Many believe that by understanding the superconscious humans will be able to adapt and overcome illnesses and pain as it is believed that the superconscious controls how and when we react to outside stressors and stimuli. top

TCM
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is the name given to the ancient health care system originated in China and practiced throughout the world. It may include other traditional Asian medical systems such as Japanese, Korean, Tibetan, and Mongolian medicine. TCM is well recognized for its remarkable effectiveness in off setting the side effects caused by the toxic and chemical treatment of cancer cases in the western medical system.

TCM is defined as a medical science governing the theory and practice of traditional Chinese medicine. It includes Chinese medication, pharmacology/herbalogy, acupuncture, massage and Qigong. Hospitals in China are classified as specialized in western medical system, TCM or both. TCM is now available to 75% of the areas in China. TCM has been very effective in the treatment of diseases such as cardio-cerebro-vascular, immunogenic, tumors, bone fracture, etc. 

TCM is rooted in a unique, comprehensive and systematic theoretical structure, which includes the Theory of the Five Elements, the human body Meridian system, and Yin-yang. Successes have been made in many areas such as in circulating paths of meridians, healing patients with shock, acute myocardial infarction and acute renal failure as well as providing a non-surgical approach to the treatment of acute abdominal distress. top

Thoughts 
A thought is a connection of two neurons in the human brain. Every single connection made in the neural net represents a thought, memory, idea, or sensation. Thoughts are part of a mental process that allows humans to model the world according to their own perceptions. This enables them to deal with the world according to their goals, plans, ends and desires.

Concepts akin to thought are cognition, sentience, consciousness, ideas, and imagination. Thinking involves manipulating information toward forming concepts, engaging in problem solving, reasoning, and decision-making. Thinking is a higher cognitive function and the analysis of thinking processes is part of cognitive psychology.  top


Toxin
A toxin, from the Latin toxicum meaning poison, is a chemical from one organism that is poisonous to another organism. Toxins are nearly always proteins that are capable of causing disease on contact or absorption with body tissues. Toxins vary greatly in their severity, ranging from usually minor and acute (as in a bee sting) to almost immediately deadly (as in botulinum toxin aka Botox).

Biotoxins are biologically produced toxins, which when produced by a member of the animal kingdom is called venom. All venoms are biotoxins but not all biotoxins are venoms. Venoms can be highly complex (the venom of the cone snail contains dozens of small proteins, each targeting a specific nerve channel or receptor), or relatively small protein. In nature, biotoxins serve two functions, predation (seeking prey) and defence. There are a number of well-known toxins such as: Hemotoxins (blood destroyers), necrotoxins (killing tissue), and neurotoxins (causing neurological paralysis). 

In a non-technical sense toxin has been used to classify any number of non-biological poisons or poisonous substances in our environment.   top

Water
In its pure form, water is a tasteless, odourless substance that is essential to all known forms of life. Water comes in all states: gaseous, liquid and solid. While appearing colourless to the naked eye in small quantities, it may appear blue in larger quantities or with scientific instruments.

Water appears mostly in the oceans and polar ice caps, but also as clouds, rain water, rivers, freshwater aquifers, and sea ice. On the planet, water is continuously moving through the cycle involving evaporation, precipitation, and runoff to the sea.

Water fit for human consumption is called drinking water or "potable water". Water that is not specifically made for drinking, but which is not harmful for humans when used in food preparation, is called safe water. Currently, about 1 billion people around the world routinely drink unhealthy water. Poor water quality and bad sanitation are killers; some 5 million deaths a year are caused by polluted drinking water.

Currently, our potable water and safe water is becoming increasingly toxic. Tap water, although tested for contaminants, is not being sufficiently filtered and decontaminated of all potentially harmful chemicals. Water quality indicators can be categorised as:

  • Biological: bacteria, algae
  • Physical: temperature, turbidity and clarity, colour, salinity, suspended solids, dissolved solids
  • Chemical: pH, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, nutrients (including nitrogen and phosphorus), organic and inorganic compounds (including toxicants)
  • Aesthetic: odours, taints, colour, floating matter
  • Radioactive: alpha, beta and gamma radiation emitters.

Water is not being tested for prescription drugs, chemotherapy drugs, trihalomethanes, and a host of other inorganic substances as well as chemicals considered potentially hazardous by Environment Canada. Bottled water undergoes fewer regulated testing procedures than tap water, and the plastic container in which it is housed has been brought into question. The more toxic chemicals put into humans and the environment, the more polluted the water table becomes.   top